Muhammad Bin Tughlaq: Key Facts and Refroms

Khusrau Khan, the last ruler of the Khilji administration was executed by Ghazni Malik, who raised the throne accepting the title Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq. He passed away in a mishap and his sone Jauna (Ulugh Khan) succeeded him under the title Mohammad-bin-Tughlaq, in 1325. He ruled Delhi from 1325 to 1351. Muhammand-bin-Tughlaq was born in Kotla in Multan and was married to the daughter of raja of Dipalpur.

He was intellectual of reasoning, philosophy, astronomy, mathematics, calligraphy and physical sciences. He had good knowledge of various languages such as Turkish, Sanskrit, Persian and Arabic. The famous traveller Ibn Battuta visited India during his reign.  He was a liberal king who believed in equality. He gave freedom to Hindu as well as Jains.

Mohammad-bin-Tughlaq is best recognized as a ruler who attempts various striking trials, and demonstrated a distinct fascination in farming. He was profoundly perused in religion and reasoning and had a discriminating and receptive outlook. He had profound enthusiasm for rationality, space science, rationale and arithmetic. He talked with the Muslim spiritualists, as well as with the Hindu yogis and Jain holy people, for example, Junaprabha Suri.

Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq's Reforms

He attempted to present numerous authoritative changes. But, a large portion of these failed because of his fretfulness and absence of judgment.

His Five Disastrous Projects

1. Taxation in the Doab: The Sultan made a stupid budgetary examination in the Doab between the Ganges and Jamuna. He expanded the rate of duty as well as restored and made some extra Abwabs or cessess. Despite the fact that the share of the state stayed half as in the time of Alauddin, it was settled self-assertive and not on the premise of real deliverer.
2. Transfer of Capital (1327): It seems that the Sultan needed to make Deogir as his second capital so that he may have the capacity to control south India better. Deogir was renamed Daulatabad. After two or three years, Muhammad Tughlaq chose to forsake Daulatabad basically on the grounds that he soon found out that he couldn't control south India from Delhi and he couldn't control north from Daulatabad.
3. Introduction of Token Currency(1330): Muhammad Tughlaq chose to present bronze coins, which were to have the same worth as the silver coins. Muhammad Tughlaq may have been effective in the approach if he could keep individuals from moulding the new coins. He was not able to do as such and soon the new coins began to be incredibly cheapened in businesses.
4. Khurasan Expedition: The Sultan had a dream of widespread victory. He chose to win Khurasan and Iraq and activated a gigantic armed force for the reason. Be that as it may, his campaign demonstrated a disappointment.
5. Quarachi Expedition: This campaign was propelled to counter Chinese attacks. It likewise gives the idea that the campaign was coordinated against some headstrong tribes in Kumaon-Garhwal district with the objective of bringing them under Delhi Sultanate. The main assault was a win yet when the rainy season set in, the trespassers underwent awfully.

These projects led to revolt in many parts of the country leading to independence of Madurai and Warrangal and foundation of Vijaynagar and Bahamani.

He died in Thatta while battling in Sindh against Taghi, a Turkish slave.