Countries and Their National Flowers: Complete List

Flowers are always an important component in the culture, traditions and identity of a country. A great number of countries choose flowers as national symbols due to their natural occurrence and relation to local customs, as well as their historic importance. Often these flowers symbolise the qualities of the country such as strength, beauty, resilience, purity and unity. Every national flower has a story, from the lotus of India to the famous cherry blossoms of Japan. Keep reading to find out.

Countries and Their National Flowers: Complete List 

India – Lotus

The lotus is India’s national flower and is deeply embedded in India’s culture and spiritual tradition. The flower is celebrated for its ability to thrive in muddy water while maintaining its beauty and purity, symbolising resilience, hope and transformation. The lotus has been a part of Indian art, architecture and religious traditions for thousands of years. The lotus occupies a special place in Indian mythology and is associated with several deities. The flower also symbolises knowledge, prosperity and enlightenment. Its importance is evident in the ancient sculptures, temples and traditional designs all over the country.

Japan – Cherry Blossom (Sakura)

Cherry blossom or Sakura as it is called in Japan, is one of the most recognisable symbols of Japanese culture. Japan doesn’t have an official national flower; however, the cultural affinity for Sakura has made it the country’s national flower. The brief blooming of cherry blossoms symbolises the transient nature of life and the beauty of temporary moments. Hanami is a traditional Japanese custom celebrated every year by people gathering under blooming cherry trees to enjoy the view with friends and family. The flower is also closely associated with Japanese art, poetry and festivals.

Australia – Golden Wattle

Australia's national flower, the golden wattle, symbolises the nation's unity and natural beauty. The vivid yellow flowers, which are renowned for their distinctive look and scent, bloom throughout much of Australia. The flower's capacity to endure in a variety of settings, signifying resiliency and strength, made it a significant national symbol. Every year, Australia commemorates National Wattle Day to honour this indigenous plant and its significance to the country's identity.

United States – Rose

The rose is the national flower of the United States, and was officially adopted in 1986. It was chosen for its popularity, its historical significance and its symbolic value. Roses have been symbols of love, beauty and strength in history. The flower is extensively cultivated across the country and is present in celebrations, gardens, literature and cultural traditions. Roses of different colours are also associated with different emotions and it is one of the world’s most recognisable flowers.

United Kingdom – Rose

The rose is also an important national symbol of England and has a close association with British history. Its significance comes from the historic War of the Roses, between the House of Lancaster (red rose) and the House of York (white rose). After the war, the Tudor rose was created as a symbol of unity between the two houses. Today the rose is still a symbol of English heritage and is commonly associated with the country’s traditions and identity.

Netherlands – Tulip

The tulip is one of the most powerful symbols of the Netherlands. Tulips, originally from Central Asia, were introduced to Europe and became closely associated with Dutch culture. In the 17th century, the Netherlands experienced "Tulip Mania", a period when rare tulip bulbs were highly sought after and traded at extremely high prices. Today, Dutch tulip fields are world famous and draw millions of tourists every year. The flower is a symbol of beauty, creativity and the country’s strong horticulture industry.

Bangladesh – Water Lily

In Bangladesh, the national flower is the water lily or Shapla as it is known locally. It grows naturally in ponds, rivers and wetlands in the country and reflects the beauty of Bangladesh's water-rich landscape. The flower is very much a part of rural life and is found in Bengali culture, art and literature. Its existence in the nature of Bangladesh makes it an important symbol of the identity of the country.

Pakistan – Jasmine

The national flower of Pakistan is Jasmine, a flower that is loved for its delicate beauty and fragrance. The flower is often used in celebrations, weddings and cultural events. Jasmine symbolises purity, simplicity and elegance. Its pungent smell and wide use in gardens have made it an important part of Pakistani customs and everyday life.

China – Plum Blossom

The plum blossom is one of the national symbols of China, and stands for strength, hope and perseverance. Plum blossoms bloom in cold winters, unlike many flowers that bloom in warm seasons. The flower's ability to endure harsh conditions makes it a symbol of resilience and triumph over adversity. It has been celebrated in Chinese paintings, poetry and traditional art for centuries.

South Africa – King Protea

King Protea The King Protea is the national flower of South Africa and is quite large and looks strange. It means change, diversity, courage. The flower is indigenous to South Africa and forms part of the country’s rich biodiversity. It is also one of the national symbols of South Africa, which shows its importance to the country’s heritage.

France – Iris

The iris is associated with France and has historical associations with the famous fleur-de-lis symbol. The flower has been a symbol of French royalty, history and culture for centuries. Iris is well-known for its range of colours and stylish appearance. It reflects its connection to French identity in art, architecture and historical symbols.

Read more: Countries and Their National Fruits: Check Complete List