Chapter 16 - Biodiversity and conservation- Class 12th Biology NCERT Solutions
Get, detailed solutions to the questions of the chapter Biodiversity and conservation from NCERT textbooks. The objective is to helping students regarding the pattern of answering the question as per the cbse latest marking scheme. Cbse.jagranjosh.com provided you NCERT solutions for classes 12th math and science subjects.
Some questions of this chapter are given here.
Q. How do ecologists estimate the total number of species present in the world?
Answer
Living organisms have very vast diversity on the Earth. An estimation by researchers says that it is about seven millions. The total number of species present in the world is calculated by ecologists. An ecologist uses the data of the species richness of a well studied group of insects of temperate and tropical regions to make statistical comparison between species richness. Then, these ratios are extrapolated with other groups of plants and animals to calculate the total species richness present on the Earth.
Q. What is the significance of the slope of regression in a species — area relationship?
Answer
An species-area relationship can be fined by the slope of the line or regression coefficient. It gives an estimate of species richness of area. It is independent of taxonomical category or type of area studied. It has been found that in smaller areas (where the species-area relationship is analyzed), the value of slopes of regression is similar regardless of the taxonomic group or the region. However, when a similar analysis is done in larger areas, then the slope of regression is much steeper.
Q. Among the ecosystem services are control of floods and soil erosion. How is this achieved by the biotic components of the ecosystem?
Answer
Living organisms such as plants and animals come under the biotic components of an ecosystem. The role of plants in controlling floods and soil erosion is very much important by holding the soil particles together through root, thereby preventing the top layer of the soil to get eroded by wind or running water. Ground water infiltration and prevention of floods is done because of soil porosity which is done by the plants root. Hence, plants are able to prevent soil erosion and natural calamities such as floods and droughts. They also increase the fertility of soil and biodiversity.
