What Are Tectonic Plates?

What Are Tectonic Plates?

Tectonic plates are massive slabs of solid rock that make up Earth’s outer layer, known as the lithosphere. These plates float on the semi-fluid layer beneath them called the asthenosphere. Earth’s crust and the uppermost mantle form these rigid plates, which constantly move very slowly over geological time.

How Many Tectonic Plates Are There

There are seven major tectonic plates and several smaller ones. The major plates include the Pacific, North American, Eurasian, African, South American, Antarctic, and Indo-Australian Plates. These plates vary in size, from thousands of kilometers across to much smaller microplates.

How Do Tectonic Plates Move

Tectonic plates move because of convection currents in the mantle. Heat from Earth’s core causes the semi-molten rock in the mantle to flow, dragging the plates above them. This movement is typically just a few centimetres per year, about the rate fingernails grow.

 Why Are Tectonic Plates Important

Tectonic plates are responsible for shaping Earth’s surface. They cause mountain ranges to rise, ocean basins to widen, and continents to drift. Their movement explains natural disasters like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Without them, Earth would be geologically static and unrecognisable.

Do They Affect Humans

Yes. Tectonic activity can have dramatic effects on human life. Earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions are all results of shifting plates. Understanding plate tectonics helps scientists predict and prepare for these natural events, potentially saving lives.

Earth Is Always Moving

Even though tectonic plates shift slowly, their impact is massive. They’ve been shaping our planet for billions of years and continue to mould its surface every day.

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