UPSC IAS Exam 2016 notification has been released by Union Public Service Commission and form has been filed up by the UPSC IAS aspirants. So, this point of time, the UPSC IAS aspirants are required to understand the requirement of Civil Services Prelims Examination in order to qualify the IAS Prelim Exam. It requires a special focus on the IAS Exam Preparation and endless practice of the Subject Questions and Model Test Papers.
Geography is one of the important components of the IAS Syllabus which covers the major share of the IAS Prelims Questions. The General Studies Paper I of UPSC IAS Prelims Exam consist of Geography Questions ranges from 15 to 25 every year. So, the Civil Services aspirants have to do Preparation of GS Geography in a manner so, that they can score better in IAS Prelims Exam.
1. Consider the following statements regarding the modern industrial development in India:
I. The modern industrial development in India started with the establishment of the first cotton textile mill at Mumbai in 1854, predominantly with Indian capital and entrepreneurship.
II. Jute industry made a beginning in 1855 with the establishment of a jute mill in the Hooghly Valley near Kolkata with foreign capital and entrepreneurship.
III. Coal mining was first started at Raniganj in 1772 while Railways were introduced in 1854.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. II and III
d. All of the above
Answer: d
Explanation:
The modern industrial development in India started with the establishment of the first cotton textile mill at Mumbai in 1854, predominantly with Indian capital and entrepreneurship.
Jute industry made a beginning in 1855 with the establishment of a jute mill in the Hooghly Valley near Kolkata with foreign capital and entrepreneurship. Coal mining was first started at Raniganj in 1772. Railways were introduced in 1854.
Tata Iron and Steel Plant was set up at Jamshedpur in 1907. Several other medium and small size industries like cement, glass, soaps, chemicals, jute, sugar and paper followed. The industrial production in pre-independence period was neither adequate nor diversified.
2. Consider the following statement regarding the industrial development and planning in India after independence:
I. After independence, systematic industrial planning under different five year plans helped in establishing a large number of heavy and medium industries.
II. The main thrust of the industrial policy was to remove regional imbalances and to introduce diversification of industries.
III. Indigenous capabilities were developed to achieve self sufficiency.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. II and III
d. All of the above
Answer: d
Explanation:
After independence, systematic industrial planning under different five year plans helped in establishing a large number of heavy and medium industries. The main thrust of the industrial policy was to remove regional imbalances and to introduce diversification of industries.
Indigenous capabilities were developed to achieve self sufficiency. It is due to these efforts that India has been able to develop in the field of industry. Today, we export a large number of industrial goods to various countries.
UPSC IAS Prelims Exam: Physical Geography NIOS Question: Development of Mineral and Energy Resources
3. Which one of the following is a consumer industry?
a. Petro-chemicals
b. Chittranjan Locomotives
c. Sugar Industry
d. Iron and steel
Answer: c
Explanation:
Finished products of Consumer goods industry are directly used by individuals. Iron and steel and Petro-chemicals industries are basic goods industries because the finished products of basic industry are used as raw material for other industries.
Chittranjan Locomotives is a public sector industry because it is owned managed by government of India.
4. Which one of the following is a small scale industry?
a. Sugar
b. Cotton
c. Ceiling Fans
d. Paper
Answer: c
Explanation:
Small Scale industries are those in which the industrial undertakings having fixed investment in plant and machinery, whether held on ownership basis or lease basis or hire purchase basis not exceeding Rs. 1 crore.
5. Consider the following statement regarding the textile industry in India:
I. Textile industry is the largest industry in the unorganized sector.
II. Textile industry is comprises of cotton textile, woollen textile, silk textile, synthetic fibres, jute fibres etc.
III. Textiles have been a major component of the industrial sector which accounts for nearly a fifth of the industrial output and a third of the export earnings.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. II and III
d. All of the above
Answer: c
Explanation:
Textile industry is the largest industry in the organized sector. It comprises of (i) cotton textiles, (ii) woolen textiles, (iii) silk textiles (iv) synthetic fibres and (v) jute textile industries.
Textiles have been a major component of the industrial sector. It accounts for nearly a fifth of the industrial output and a third of the export earnings. In term of employment, it comes next only to agriculture sector.
6. Consider the following statement regarding the cotton textile industry in India:
I. The industrial development in India began with the establishment of first successful modern cotton textile mill at Mumbai in 1854.
II. The numbers cotton textile mills increased from 378 in 1952 to 1782 by March 1998.
III. It provides employment opportunity to a large number of people which is about one fifth of the total industrial labour is absorbed by this industry.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. II and III
d. All of the above
Answer: c
Explanation:
The industrial development in India began with the establishment of first successful modern cotton textile mill at Mumbai in 1854. Since then the industry has witnessed a phenomenal growth. The numbers of mills increased from 378 in 1952 to 1782 by March 1998.
Cotton textiles have an important place in the economy of the country. It provides employment opportunities to a large number of people. About one fifth of the total industrial labour is absorbed by this industry.
7. Which of the following states is the largest producer of cotton textile in the country?
a. Gujarat
b. Maharashtra
c. Uttar Pradesh
d. Punjab
Answer: b
Explanation:
Maharashtra is the leading producer of cotton textile in the country. Mumbai is the major centre of textile mills. About a half of the Cotton textile mills are located in Mumbai alone. It is, therefore, rightly called as ‘Cottonpolis’ of India. Sholapur, Kohlapur, Nagpur, Pune, Aurangabad and Jalgaon are other important centres in Maharashtra.
Gujarat, which ranks second in the production of cotton textiles, Ahamedabad is the major centre of the state. Surat, Bharauch, Vadodara, Bhavnagar and Rajkot are other centres in the state.
Tamil Nadu has emerged as an important producer of cotton textiles in sourthern states. Coimbatore is an important centre in the state. Tirunelveli, Chennai, Madurai, Tiruchirapalli, Salem and Thanjavour are other important centers here
8. Consider the following statements regarding the sugar industry in India:
I. Sugar industry is the second largest agro-based industry of India.
II. If included the production of Gur, Khandsari and Sugar together, then India becomes the largest producer of sugar product in the world.
III. Maharashtra is the most important state in the peninsular India producing about one fourth of the total sugar production in India.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. II and III
d. All of the above
Answer: d
Explanation:
Sugar industry is the second largest agro-based industry of India. If we take Gur, Khandsari and Sugar together, then India becomes the largest producer of sugar product in the world. In 2003, there were about 453 sugar mills in the country. This industry employs about 2.5 lakh people.
Maharashtra is the most important state in the peninsular India producing about one fourth of the total sugar production in India. Major centres of sugar production are Nasik, Pune, Satara, Sangli, Kolhapur and Sholapur.
9. Consider the following statements regarding the iron and steel industry in India:
I. The modern iron and steel industry started with the establishment of ‘Bengal Iron and Steel Works’ at Kulti in West Bengal in 1817.
II. Tata Iron and Steel company was established at Jamshedpur in 1907 followed by ‘Indian Iron and Steel plant’ at Burnpur in 1919 and ‘Indian Iron and Steel plant’ at Burnpur in 1919.
III. The first public sector iron and steel plant, which is now known as ‘Visvesvarayya Iron and Steel works’, was established at Bhadrawati in 1923.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. II and III
d. All of the above
Answer: d
Explanation:
Iron and steel industry is a basic industry and its products serve as a raw material for a number of other industries. Although iron and steel manufacturing activity in India is very old, modern iron and steel industry started with the establishment of ‘Bengal Iron and Steel Works’ at Kulti in West Bengal in 1817.
Tata Iron and Steel company was established at Jamshedpur in 1907. This was followed by ‘Indian Iron and Steel plant’ at Burnpur in 1919. All the three plants were established in the private sector. The first public sector iron and steel plant, which is now known as ‘Visvesvarayya Iron and Steel works’, was established at Bhadrawati in 1923.
10. Consider the following statements regarding the iron and steel industry in India:
I. Indian Petro-Chemical Corporation has set up a huge petro-chemical complex near vadodara producing a wide range of products.
II. India is self sufficient in the production of petro-chemicals.
III. The only private oil refineries belong to Reliance Industries Ltd. is located at Jamnagar (Gujarat).
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. II and III
d. All of the above
Answer: d
Explanation:
Petro-chemicals industry is one of the fastest growing industries of India. This industry has revolutionised the industrial scene by providing the products which are substituting the traditional raw materials like wood, glass and metals. Its products meet various needs of the people at the low cost.
Petro-chemicals are derived from petroleum or natural gas. We use a variety of products from morning till evening made from petrochemicals Toothbrushes, toothpaste, combs, hairpins, soap cases, plastic mugs, garments, radiocaes, ball point pens, detergents, electric switches, lipstick, insecticides, bags, bed covers, and foam are some of the goods made from petro-chemicals.
Indian Petro-Chemical Corporation has set up a huge petro-chemical complex near vadodara producing a wide range of products. Besides Vadodara, Gandhar, and Hazira in Gujarat and Nagathone in Maharashtra are other important centres of petro-chemical industry. India is self sufficient in the production of petro-chemicals.
Crude oil has no value unless it is refined, while refining crude oil; thousands of products like kerosene, diesel, lubricants and raw material for petro-chemical industry are derived. India has at present 18 refineries.
Industries can be classified into different categories on the basis, such as of sources of raw material, ownership, functions, size of industry and weight of raw material and finished products. Since India is still an agricultural country, it has developed various agro-based industries such as cotton textile, woolen textile, jute textile and sugar industry. So, an UPSC IAS aspirant must have such understanding of industrial development.