CNG vs LPG: Check All the Differences Here!

CNG vs LPG: The selection of a cleaner and economical fuel has become paramount, given the increased demand for energy worldwide. 

In such a scenario, Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) and Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) both have emerged as economically viable and cleaner alternatives to popular fuels like petrol and diesel.

Both these fuels offer significant benefits in terms of cost and environmental impact. Although they are regarded as clean fuels, they differ in terms of their chemical composition, applications, and storage. 

In this article, we will examine the differences between CNG and LPG so that you can make an informed decision based on your requirements.

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What is the Full Form of CNG?

The full form of CNG is Compressed Natural Gas; it is primarily composed of Methane and is mainly used as an automotive fuel.

What is the Full Form of LPG?

The full form of LPG is Liquefied Petroleum Gas. It is a mixture of propane and butane and is primarily used in household applications like cooking and heating.

Differences Between CNG and LPG

Some of the major differences between CNG and LPG are highlighted below:

1. Physical Property

CNG is in gaseous form, while LPG is in liquid form when stored in a pressurised container.

2. Chemical Composition

CNG is methane, whose chemical formula is CH4, while LPG is a mixture of propane (C3H8) and butane (C4H10)

3. Auto Ignition Temperature

The auto-ignition temperature of CNG is around 540 °C, while that of LPG is 410-580°C. 

4. Environmental Friendliness

CNG is a greener fuel because it produces fewer residues, whereas LPG, although greener than petrol and diesel, produces more residues.

5. Calorific Value

CNG has a calorific value of 50000 kJ/kg, while LPG has a slightly higher value of 55000 kJ/kg.

6. Safety

CNG is lighter than air; therefore, in the event of a leak, it will disperse into the atmosphere, whereas LPG is heavier and poses a greater fire risk.

7. Application

CNG is primarily used as a fuel for automobiles, such as buses, autos, and taxis, while LPG can be used in homes for cooking and heating. It also finds applications in the agricultural sector.

8. Source

CNG is obtained primarily from oil wells, natural gas wells, and coal wells. LPG is sourced during the extraction of natural gas from reservoirs.

9. Cost effectiveness

CNG is more cost-effective than LPG.

Final Thoughts

While CNG and LPG are both green fuels and are widely used as alternatives to petrol and diesel, CNG offers a better option due to its higher ignition temperature and cost-effectiveness.

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