CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2025-26 PDF Download; Check Marking Scheme

May 20, 2025, 09:35 IST

CBSE Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2025-26: To view the chapter list, key subjects, and unit-wise mark allocation for the next test, download the CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus. Students who comprehend the most recent syllabus will be better able to concentrate on important topics and perform well on the CBSE Class 12 Physics Exam in 2025–2026.

CBSE Physics Class 12 Syllabus 2025-2026 PDF for Download; Check Exam Pattern
CBSE Physics Class 12 Syllabus 2025-2026 PDF for Download; Check Exam Pattern

CBSE Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2025-26: The 2025–2026 curriculum for the 12th class has been released by the CBSE Board. The CBSE Class 12th Physics 2025–2026 syllabus is available for students to review in the table below. The Physics curriculum has not changed. Chapters, divisions, and subjects covered in the 2025–2026 academic year are listed in detail in the syllabus. The course outline, suggested project work, assessment criteria, and much more are included.

The syllabus outlines the subjects, chapters, and units that make up the session's curriculum, which students will study. The PDF can be downloaded by students using the link below. They can download it and save it for later use. The project assignment and the theory paper make up the two parts of the CBSE Class 12 Physics syllabus.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2025-26: Key Highlights

Overview

Details

Board Name:

Central Board of Secondary Examination

Class:

12

Subject:

Physics

Subject Code: 

042

Total Marks:

100 

Theory Marks:

70

Project Marks: 

30

Exam Duration:

3 Hours

Total Sections:

2 Sections (Theory & Internal)

CBSE Class 12 Physics: Detailed Syllabus 2025-26

There will be two papers in the subject: 

  • Theory: 70 marks 
  • Internal Assignment : 30 marks

Unit I: Electrostatics

Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields 

Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law-force between two- point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform electric field. 

Electric flux, statement of Gauss's theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside). 


Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance 

Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two-point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field. 

Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor (no derivation, formulae only).

Unit II: Current Electricity

Chapter–3: Current Electricity 

Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current; Ohm's law, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, temperature dependence of resistance, Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchhoff's rules, Wheatstone bridge. 

Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism 

Concept of magnetic field, Oersted's experiment. Biot - Savart law and its application to the current carrying circular loop. Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight solenoid (only qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. 

Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, moving coil galvanometer- its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter. 


Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter 

Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis (qualitative treatment only), torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field lines. 

Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro – magnetic substances with examples, Magnetization of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties. 



Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction 

Electromagnetic induction; Faraday's laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz's Law, Self and mutual induction. 


Chapter–7: Alternating Current 

Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power in AC circuits, power factor, wattless current. AC generator, Transformer. 

Unit V: Electromagnetic waves

Chapter–8: Electromagnetic 

Waves Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their transverse nature (qualitative idea only). 

Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses.

Unit VI: Optics

Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments 

  • Ray Optics: Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total internal reflection and optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens maker’s formula, magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, refraction of light through a prism. 
  • Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers. 

Chapter–10: Wave Optics 

  • Wave optics: Wave front and Huygen’s principle, reflection and refraction of plane waves at a plane surface using wave fronts. 
  • Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s principle. Interference, Young's double slit experiment and expression for fringe width (No derivation final expression only), coherent sources and sustained interference of light, diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maxima (qualitative treatment only). 

Unit VII: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 

Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 

Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation-particle nature of light. 

Experimental study of photoelectric effect Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation.

Unit VIII: Atoms and Nuclei 

Chapter–12: Atoms 

Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen atom, Expression for radius of nth possible orbit, velocity and energy of electron in nth orbit, hydrogen line spectra (qualitative treatment only). 


Chapter–13: Nuclei 

Composition and size of nucleus, nuclear force 

Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission, nuclear fusion.

Unit IX: Electronic Devices 

Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: 

Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only) Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors- p and n type, p-n junction Semiconductor diode - I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, application of junction diode -diode as a rectifier.

Practical Evaluation Scheme for Class 12 Physics 2025-26

The practical test will take three hours to complete and carry a total of thirty marks. For a better understanding, students can locate the practical exam evaluation scheme below:

Two experiments one from each section

7+7 Marks

Practical record [experiments and activities] 

5 Marks

One activity from any section

3 Marks

Investigatory Project 

3 Marks

Viva on experiments, activities and project

5 Marks

Total

30 Marks 

To download the CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2025-26, click on the link below

Download CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2025-2026 PDF

Prescribed Books for Physics Class 12

  1. Physics, Class XI, Part -I and II, Published by NCERT. 

  2. Physics, Class XII, Part -I and II, Published by NCERT. 

  3. Laboratory Manual of Physics for class XII Published by NCERT. 

  4. The list of other related books and manuals brought out by NCERT (consider multimedia also). 

Note: The material listed in NCERT textbooks as omitted for 2025–2026 is not to be tested in schools and will not be evaluated in the 2025–2026 Board exams.

CBSE Class 12 Physics (042) Question Paper Design 2025-26

Typology of Questions

Total Marks

Approximate Percentage

Remembering: Exhibit memory of previously learned material by recalling facts, terms, basic concepts, and answers. 

Understanding: Demonstrate understanding of facts and ideas by organising, comparing, translating, interpreting, giving descriptions, and stating main ideas.

27

38

Applying: Solve problems to new situations by applying acquired knowledge, facts, techniques and rules in a different way.

22

32

Analysing: Examine and break information into parts by identifying motives or causes. Make inferences and find evidence to support generalisations. 

Evaluating: Present and defend opinions by making judgments about information, validity of ideas, or quality of work based on a set of criteria. 

Creating: Compile information together in a different way by combining elements in a new pattern or proposing alternative solutions.

21

30

Total

70

100

Practical

30

 

Gross Total

100

 

Note: The above template is only a sample. Suitable internal variations may be made for generating similar templates keeping the overall weightage to different forms of questions and typology of questions same.

Also Check:

 

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Apeksha Agarwal, a passionate and aspiring journalist, is dedicated to delivering impactful stories and insightful reports. As an education beat writer, she focuses on providing well-researched and engaging news content. Apeksha's strong foundation in journalism and media is complemented by her creativity, dedication, and attention to detail. Her goal is to inform and inspire audiences through meaningful narratives while continuously adapting to the ever-changing media landscape. She can be reached at apeksha.agarwal@jagrannewmedia.com.

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