Gandhi-Irwin Pact

M.K Gandhi attended highly official meeting with Lord Irwin on the behalf of the Indian National Congress on negotiating terms of Constitutional reforms. On 5 March 1931, pact was signed between M.K Gandhi and Lord Irwin the Viceroy of India. The pact made the British Government concede some demands, which were given below:

• To withdraw all ordinances and prosecutions.

• To release all the political prisoners.

• To restore the confiscated properties of the satyagarhis.

• To permit the free collection or manufacture of salt.

Second Round Table Conference

• It was held in London during Viceroyalty of Lord Willington during September to December, 1931 and Gandhi attended it to behalf of the Indian National Congress.

• The conference was failed as Gandhi could not agree on the policy of Communal Representation and the refusal of the British Government for the basic Indian demand for freedom.

Third Round Table Conference

• It was held in London on November 17, 1932. This was just a nominal conference, Congress refused to attend it (not invited, in fact) and in Britain, the Labor party also refused to not to attend it. So, only 46 people reached out there.

• Please note that it was this conference where a college student Chaudhary Rahmat Ali proposed the name of the new land specially carved out from India for the Muslims. The name of this “holy” land was – Pakistan.

• Muslim leaders who attended the conference were Muhammad Ali, Agha Khan, Fazlul Haq, and Jinnah. The outcome of the Third Round Table conference was the” White Paper” issued by the Government. On the basis of this paper, the Government of India Act 1935 was to be passed.