HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2024-25: The Haryana Board has released the Geography syllabus for class 12th. View the most recent Haryana Board Class 12th Geography curriculum and obtain the link to download the syllabus for the 12th grade. The syllabus will direct your exam preparation. The syllabus is released out well in advance allowing them to begin preparing appropriately.
The article consists of HBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2025 the key points you’ll cover in the academic session, evaluation scheme and course structure and practical details. The article provides a direct download link to download PDF for Geography syllabus.
HBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2024-25: General Guidelines
- There will be an Annual Examination based on the entire syllabus.
- The Annual Examination will be of 60 marks, Practical Examination will be of 20 marks and 20 marks weightage shall be for Internal Assessment.
- For Practical Examination:
- a) Written test of two questions of 5 marks each (Total marks-10)
- b) Practical record of 5 marks.
- c) Viva-voce of 5 marks.
- For Internal Assessment:
There will be Periodic Assessment that would include:
- a) For 6 marks- Three SAT exams will be conducted and will have a weightage of 06 marks towards the final Internal Assessment.
- b) For 2 marks- One half yearly exam will be conducted and will have a weightage of 02 marks towards the final Internal Assessment.
- c) For 2 marks- Subject teacher will assess and give maximum 02 marks for CRP (Classroom participation).
- d) For 5 marks- A project work to be done by students and will have a weightage of 05 marks towards the final Internal Assessment.
- e) For 5 marks- Attendance of student will be awarded 05 marks as:
75% to 80%-01 marks
80% to 85%-02 marks
85% to 90%-03 marks
90% to 95%-04 marks
95% to 100%-05 marks
HBSE Class 12 Geography Course Structure (2024-25)
Hbse 12th class haryana board Geography course structure consists of two parts part A and Part B. Part A is Introductory MicroGeography and Part B is Introductory MacroGeography, the table below highlights the details related to the unit, chapter and marks allocation to the particular unit and overall score. Find below the details for more clarification:
| Unit No | Chapter | Marks |
| Book Name - Fundamentals of Human Geography | ||
| I | Ch. 1 - Human Geography Nature and Scope | 5 |
| II | Ch. 2 - Distribution Density and Growth, Ch. 3 - Human Development | 10 |
| III | Ch. 4 - Primary Activities, Ch. 5 - Secondary Activities, Ch. 6 - Tertiary and Quaternary Activities Ch. 7 - Transport and Communication Ch. 8 - International Trade | 9 |
| Book Name- India People and Economy | ||
| I | Ch. 1 - Population : Distribution, Density , Growth & Composition | 5 |
| II | Ch. 2 - Human Settlements | 5 |
| III | Ch. 3 - Land Resources and Agriculture, Ch. 4 - Water Resources, Ch. 5 - Minerals and Energy Resources, Ch. 6 - Planning and Sustainable Development in the Context of India | 10 |
| IV | Ch. 7 - Transport & Communication, Ch. 8 - International Trade | 6 |
| V | Ch. 9 - Some issues and problems selected in geographical perspective | 5 |
| Map work | 5 | |
| Total | 60 | |
| Practical | 20 | |
| Internal Assessment | 20 | |
| Grand Total | 100 | |
Text Book 1: Fundamentals of Human Geography
Chapter 1 - Human Geography Nature and Region : - Meaning of human geography, nature of human geography, human geography through the corridors of time, fields and sub-fields of human geography, approaches to human geography, the temporal evolution of human geography
Chapter 2 – Distribution Density and Growth : - Patterns of population distribution in the world, density of population, population growth or change, trends of population growth, impact of population growth, demographic transition theory, measures of population control
Chapter 3 - Human Development : - Meaning of Growth and Development, Four Pillars of Human Development, Approaches to Human Development, Measuring Human Development, International Comparison
Chapter 4 – Primary Activities: - Meaning of primary activities, Types of primary activities, pastoralism, agriculture, meaning of mining, methods of mining, changing trends
Chapter 5 - Secondary Activities : - Meaning of secondary activities, types of secondary activities, manufacturing, classification of manufacturing industries, the most important manufacturing industries in the world
Chapter 6 - Tertiary and Quaternary Activities:- Meaning of tertiary activities, Types of tertiary activities, people engaged in tertiary activities, Tourism: an important activity, Meaning of Quaternary activities, Types of Quaternary activities, digital divide
Chapter 7 – Transport and Communication :- Meaning of Transport, Means of Transport, Land Transport, Water Transport, Air Transport, Pipelines, Information Systems
Chapter 8 - International Trade :- Meaning of International Trade, Why International Trade Exists, The Basis of International Trade, Volume of Trade, Balance of Trade, Types of International Trade, WTO, Ports as Gateways to International Trade
Textbook – 2- People and Economy of India
Chapter 1 - Population: Distribution, Density, Evolution and Structure:- Distribution of population, density of population, increase in population, population structure (linguistic, religious etc.)
Chapter 2 - Human Settlements :- Rural Settlements - Types and Distribution, Urban Settlements - Types, Distribution and Functional Classification, Development of Towns in India
Chapter 3 – Land Resources and Agriculture :- Land Use Categories, Changes in Land Use in India, Agricultural Land Use in India, Problems of Indian Agriculture
Chapter 4 - Water Resources :- Water Resources of India, Watershed Management, Rain Water Harvesting
Chapter 5 - Minerals and Energy Resources : - Minerals, Distribution of Minerals in India, Spatial Pattern of Minerals, Energy Resources and Their Types
Chapter 6 - Planning and Sustainable Development in the Context of India : - Planning Approach, Target Area Planning, Hill Area Development Programme, Drought Prone Area Programme, Case Study - Integrated Tribal Development Project in *Bharmour* Area, Sustainable Development, Case Study Indira Gandhi Canal (Nahar) Command Area, Measures to Promote Sustainable Development
Chapter 7 - Transport and Communication :- Means of Transportation, Land Transport, Rail Transport, Oil and Gas , Water Transport, Air Transport, Communication Networks
Chapter 8 - International Trade :- Changing patterns of India's international trade, sea ports and their hinterland and airports
Chapter 9 - Some issues and problems chosen in geographical perspective:- Environmental pollution, land degradation, urbanization, slum problems
HBSE Class 12 Geography Question Paper Design 2024-25
The Hbse 12th class haryana board Geography question paper is well designed for students to make appropriate use of it for examinations. The question paper design carries all types of questions. The allotted time is three hours for exam, for more details regarding the question paper design check out the details below:
| Competencies | Marks | Percentage |
| Knowledge | 22 | 37% |
| Understanding | 18 | 30% |
| Application | 15 | 25% |
| Skill | 5 | 8% |
| Total | 80 | 100% |
| Type of Question | Marks | Number | Description | Total Marks |
| Objective Type Questions | 1 | 10 | 6 MCQs & 2 One Word Answer Questions & 2 Assertion Reason Question | 10 |
| Very Short Answer Que | 2 | 6 | Internal option in any 2 questions | 12 |
| Short Answer Questions | 3 | 6 | Internal options in all 3 questions | 18 |
| Essay Type Questions | 5 | 3 | Internal options in all 3 questions | 15 |
| Map work (Only related to India) | 5 | 1 | This question will be from the second textbook of Geography “India Physical Environment” | 5 |
| Total | 26 | 60 | ||
Prescribed Books:
- Class 12th Text Book “Fundamentals of Human Geography” BSEH Publication © NCERT
- Class 12th Text Book “People and Economy of India” BSEH Publication © NCERT
- Class 12th Practical Book “Practical Work in Geography part-II” BSEH Publication © NCERT
HBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2024–25
Here's the direct link to download the HBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2025:
The article includes class 12th haryana board Geography syllabus weightage, course overview and question paper design and more. Students can get the direct link to download the PDF and check the latest update regarding the Haryana Board Class 12 Geography syllabus.
Also Read: HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025 (All Subjects)
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