Differences between GDP and GNP
GDP and GNP are two parameters to understand the growth of an economy. Let us look at the differences between GDP and GNP here.
Differences between GDP and GNP: GDP and GNP are two of the preferred methods by which the national income is calculated. Before getting to know about the differences between GDP and GNP, let us look at what GDP and GNP are.
What is GDP?
GDP stands for Gross Domestic Product. GDP refers to the total amount of goods and services produced in a country in a financial year. It is a very important measure for determining the size of the economy.
In calculating the GDP, the total value of goods and services produced within the geographical boundaries of a country. This does not differentiate between the goods and services produced by residents and non-residents of the country.
The formula for calculating GDP is as follows:
GDP = C + I + G + (X – M)
Where,
C = Consumption spending
I = Business investments
G = Government purchases
X = Exports
M = Imports
What is GNP?
GNP on the other hand refers to the Gross National Product and it is the value of goods and services produced by the residents of a country in a financial year.
The formula for calculating GNP is:
GNP = GDP + NR – NP
Where,
GDP = Gross domestic product
NR = Net income receipts
NP = Net outflow to foreign assets
GNP includes the earnings made by residents of the nation present inside and outside the country while deducting the earnings made by foreign nationals who are residing in the country.
GDP and GNP Differences
Differences between GDP and GNP are as follows:
| Differentiating Factors | GDP | GNP |
| What does it calculate? | GDP calculates the total production within the geographical boundaries of a nation. | GNP calculates the total production done by citizens residing inside and outside the country. |
| What does it highlight? | The strength of an economy | The contribution of citizens towards the growth of the economy. |
| What is excluded? | Goods and services that are produced outside the geographical boundaries of a country. | Goods and services produced by foreign nationals residing in the country. |
Mriganka Chakraborty is a seasoned digital journalist and communications professional who is currently working as Deputy Manager at Jagran Josh, where he leads the General Knowledge Section. As a subject matter expert with 8+ years of editorial experience, he has created authoritative content that is trusted by millions of readers around the world in Science, History, Geography, Polity, Economy, Sports, and Technology. His extensive expertise in these subjects enables him to present complex topics in an engaging, accurate, and reader-friendly manner to a global audience, making learning addictive and fun.
His background in a wide range of content areas and his ability to move between them make him a trusted voice to readers who want reliable, well-researched content across a variety of disciplines.
In his leisure time, Mriganka enjoys reading fiction novels and watching action and thriller movies, and cricket, which not only hone his storytelling skills but also keep his editorial vision fresh and dynamic.
