Fairs and Festivals are integral part of culture and history of Bihar. It is famous for its tourist places, fair and festivals which are grouped under Buddhism, Jainism, Hindu, Sikh, Sufi etc. Here, we are giving the complete study material related to the ‘Summary on the Fairs and Festivals of Bihar’ for the aspirants who are preparing for the competitive examinations like BPSC and other state level examinations.
Summary on the Fairs (Mela) in Bihar
Bihar is a land of folk forms which have social relevance and integrally connected to the lives of the people. The summary on the Fairs (Mela) in Bihar is discussed below:
Vaishali Fair
It is held in Chitra Trayodashi in Vaishali on the occasion of Mahavir’s birthday. It is basically a Jain festival, which is celebrated by both the Digambara and the Shwetambara Jains.
Sitamarhi Fair
It is held in the Chaitra month on Ramnavami every year. At this fair, Ram-Janki marriage is celebrated.
Saurath Fair
Sourath is a village near Madhubani district of Bihar. Here, a fair is held which is also known as Marriage Market that is held in the Jayestha Asasadh month. It is an important social congregation where the marriages of Maithil boys and girls are fixed up according to the reading a horoscope by the Panjikar (Registrars).
Baunsi Fair
It is held in Banks at Mandar Hill foothills. People gather here to take a bath because it is believed that Lord Vishnu had bathed in a holy kind at Baunsi.
Malmas Fair
It is organised at Rajgir for taking bath in warm kund (Hot Springs). As per Hindu belief, all the 33 Crore gods and goddess reside at Rajgir during the Malmas period. It is one of the biggest fairs in India.
Pitrapaksh Fair
It is organised during the dark fortnight of Ashwin, at the Gaya, Bihar. People gather here to get salvation and peace of soul of their ancestors in Vishnupad temple.
Baba Brahmeshwarnath Fair
It is organised on Shivratri and Baishakh Krishna Paksh Ekadashi in twice a year at Buxar district, Bihar. It is animal fair in which people first pour water on Brahmeshwarnath and then throng fair.
Buxar Fair
It is organised in Chaitra Shukla Paksh Naavami (Ramnavami) at Buxar district, Bihar. It is believed that Lord Rama and Laxman had come here in Treta Yoga and took education from Vishwamitra.
Sonpur Fair
It is the largest and the oldest fair of Bihar which is organised on Kartik Purnima. This fair is also known as Harihar Kshetra Mela and represents the religious and cultural significance. This fair also shows the rural background of the region.
Simariya Fair
It is organised at Simariya village of Begusarai, Bihar. It is held in two times in a year for the Ganga bath and later on giving alms.
Diwali Fair/Pawapuri Fair
It is organised at Nalanda district, Bihar. It is celebrated during Diwali to represent the Nirvana of Burdhman Mahavira.
Patna Sahib Gurudwara Fair
This fair is organised on the birthday of 10th Sikh Guru Govind Singh at Takht Sri Harmandir Sahib Ji Patna.
Sahodhara Fair
It is organised by Tharus in the old temple of mother Subhadhra at Sahodara in West Champran district, Bihar.
Patna Book Fair
Since 1971, this fair is organised at Patna in every second year by National Book Trust (NBT).
Urs of Makhdum Saheb in Maner Sharif
It is a large village of historical antiquities, situated in the extreme northwest of Danapur Subdivision which 32 kms west of Patna. This place bears two well-known Mohammedan tombs, that of Shah Daulat or Makhdum Daulat, known as Chhoti Dargah, and the other that of Sheikh Yahia Maneri or Makhdum Yahia, called the Bari Dargah.
Fair (Urs) is celebrated in two different dates. Both Hindu and Muslim offer chadar and pay tributes.
Singheshwar Sthan Fair
This fair is organised in Madhepura district, Bihar on Shivratri at a famous Shiv temple in which people pour water over Shivlinga.
Aries Equinox Fair
This fair is also known as Satauti, Satua Sanskrati or Sirua-Visua. It is organised during the festival of Navanna Bhazava. In this fair, barley-gram, mango, seasonal fruits, fans and pitchers are sold and purchased.
Summary on the Festivals in Bihar
Bihar is an important state from point of view of area as well as population. The culture of Bihar is the amalgamation of different religion and tribes. Hence, the cultural value is very rich here and people celebrate number of festival from which some are discussed below:
Teej
It is celebrated by married women whose husband is alive. In this festival, women hold fast and pray for the long life of their husband.
Jeutia / Jivit Putrika
It is celebrated by mothers for their son on the 8th day of Krishna Paksha of Ashwin. In this festival, women hold fast without water and pray for the happiness of their children.
Ramnavami
It is celebrated on the 9th day of Shukla Paksh in the month of Chaitra to celebrate birthday of Ramchandraji. During this festival, a flag with Human as symbol is unfurled in courtyard, temples and sacred place.
Mahaveer Jayanti
Bihar is the birthplace of Mahavir and his birthday is celebrated on the 13th day of Chaitra Shukla Paksh. On this occasion, religious discourse is also held at the Jain temple.
Saraswati Pooja
It is celebrated on the day of Basant Panchami in the month of Magh.
Buddha Jayanti
It is celebrated to commemorate the Buddha’s enlightenment day on full moon day.
Summary on Buddhism: Teaching of Buddha | Buddhist Council |Causes of Decline
Das Lakshan Festival
It is celebrated in the month of Bhado in Shukla Paksh from 5th to 14th day of the month. It is a festival of sacrifice for Jains, Rath Yatra, Kalash Yatra etc. are carried out.
Vijaya-Dashmi
It is celebrated to symbolise the return of Rama from exile and after conquering of Ravana. It is also believed that Goddess Durga had killed Mahisasur demon. Ravana, Meghnada and Kumbhkaran’s effigies are burnt.
Diwali
It is celebrated in the month of Kartik on Amavasya. Hindus celebrate it as a day of Rama’s arrival to Ayodhya. Jain celebrates it as Nirvana Diwas of Lord Mahaveer.
Govardhan
It is celebrated as the day; Krishna defeated Indra by lifting Govardhan Hill on the first day of Shukla Paksh in the Hindu calendar month of Kartik.
Devotthan Ekadashi/ Deothan
It is celebrated on the 11th day of Shukla Paksh of Kartik month. God is worshipped by offering sugar cane, jar and sugar beet.
Mahalaya Amasya
It has been celebrated for 15 days in the Krishna Paksha to pacify the soul of departed ancestors.
Chhath Festival
It is celebrated after one week of Diwali to worship God Sun at the bank of river or pond.
Eid
It is biggest festival of Muslim which is celebrated in the month of Ramdan.
Muharram
It is celebrated as the day of martyrdom of Hazrat Imam Hussain Ibn Ali and his family members. It is the first month of Arabic calendar (Hiri Calendar) and first day of the month celebrated as new year.
Christmas
It is the biggest festival of Christianity, which is celebrated on 25th December every year. Jesus Christ was born on this day.
In Bihar, a large number of fairs and festivals are organized. People from different community (Hindu, Muslim, Jain, Buddhist, tribes, Sikh, and Christians) all celebrate their festivals with great fervour. In the above Summary on the Fairs and Festivals of Bihar will be best GK recipe for the aspirants who are preparing not only for BPSC or state examination but also other competitive examinations.
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