Coal is still the pillar of India's energy sector, making a huge contribution to India's industrial development and electricity generation. Despite the efforts across the world to shift to renewable energy, coal is still the leading energy source in India's energy mix because of its cost-effectiveness and huge reserves.
Coal Production Trends in India
India's coal production has seen steady growth. As of September 2024, the nation produced 411.62 million tonnes (MT), a 5.85% rise from the same period in 2023. Coal India Limited (CIL), the biggest coal producer, supplied 311 MT in this period, with a growth rate of 2.80%. Coal dispatches also hit 442.24 MT, with a 4.97% increase from last year.
The government has targeted domestic coal production at 1 billion tonnes every year by 2024-25 with better mechanization, better infrastructure, and policy action
Leading Coal Producers
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Jharkhand
Jharkhand tops the list with an impressive 26.4% share of India's total coal reserves, amounting to 83.15 billion tonnes. Its renowned coalfields, such as Dhanbad and Bokaro, are vital for industrial energy needs. -
Odisha
Odisha holds 79.30 billion tonnes of coal reserves (25.1%). The Talcher and Ib Valley coalfields make it a key contributor to India's energy sector. -
Chhattisgarh
With reserves of 57 billion tonnes (18.1%), Chhattisgarh's Korba, Raigarh, and Surguja coalfields are undergoing rapid development. -
West Bengal
West Bengal boasts 33.87 billion tonnes of reserves (10.8%). The historic Raniganj coalfield is central to its production. -
Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh has 30.92 billion tonnes of reserves (9.8%). Its Singrauli coalfield powers major thermal plants. -
Telangana
Telangana contributes with 23.03 billion tonnes (7.3%), primarily from the Godavari Valley Coalfield. -
Maharashtra
Maharashtra holds 13.22 billion tonnes (4.2%), with significant production from Chandrapur and Wardha Valley coalfields. -
Bihar
Bihar has 4.44 billion tonnes of reserves (1.4%), including portions of the Jharia coalfield. -
Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh contributes 4.14 billion tonnes (1.3%), with notable reserves in Singareni. -
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh rounds off the list with 1.06 billion tonnes (0.3%), sharing the Singrauli coalfield with Madhya Pradesh.
Top-10 Coal-Producing States in India
Rank | State | Coal Reserves (in billion tonnes) | Share of Total Reserves (%) |
1 | Jharkhand | 83.15 | 26.4% |
2 | Odisha | 79.30 | 25.1% |
3 | Chhattisgarh | 57.00 | 18.1% |
4 | West Bengal | 33.87 | 10.8% |
5 | Madhya Pradesh | 30.92 | 9.8% |
6 | Telangana | 23.03 | 7.3% |
7 | Maharashtra | 13.22 | 4.2% |
8 | Bihar | 4.44 | 1.4% |
9 | Andhra Pradesh | 4.14 | 1.3% |
10 | Uttar Pradesh | 1.06 | 0.3% |
Jharkhand continues to lead as India's largest coal producer, followed closely by Odisha and Chhattisgarh, ensuring the nation's energy demands are met efficiently. With ongoing developments in mining technology and infrastructure, these states are set to further enhance their contributions to India's energy sector in the coming years.
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