What Is the Largest Living Organism on Earth?

Discover the largest living organism on Earth not a whale or tree, but something even more surprising. Learn where it lives, how it grows, and why it’s considered the biggest by mass and size.

Jun 10, 2025, 17:25 IST
humongous fungus
humongous fungus

Earth’s Biggest Organism: Size isn’t always visible. The largest living thing on Earth isn’t a giant animal or towering plant; it’s a hidden fungus sprawling beneath the soil of an American forest. Keep reading to know more about the Armillaria ostoyae, also called “humongous fungus.”

Read More:  Which Is the Largest Organ of the Human Body?

What Is the Largest Living Organism on Earth?

The largest known specimen of Armillaria ostoyae spans roughly 3.4 square miles (8.8 square kilometres) in Oregon’s Malheur National Forest. That’s larger than 1,600 football fields. It’s estimated to weigh over 400 tonnes, making it not just the largest by area but possibly the largest by mass as well.

How Old Is the Largest Living Organism

Scientists believe this giant fungal network could be 2,000 to 8,500 years old, based on its growth rate and size. That means it’s older than most civilisations and has silently expanded for millennia beneath the forest floor.

How Does It Grow

This fungus spreads underground by extending rhizomorphs, root-like structures that seek out and infect tree roots. Once it finds a host, it feeds on the wood, breaking it down and absorbing nutrients. Over time, these connections form a single, genetically identical organism.

Why Is It Considered One Organism

Although it covers such a vast area, DNA testing has confirmed that the entire underground structure is genetically identical, which qualifies it as one organism. Every part of it communicates, shares nutrients, and grows in a coordinated way.

Is It Harmful

Yes, the honey fungus is a parasite. It causes root rot in trees, killing them over time. In forests where trees are already stressed by drought, pests, or poor soil the fungus can quickly spread, leading to large-scale die-offs.

Jasreet Kaur
Jasreet Kaur

Content Writer

Jasreet Kaur is a journalist with over two years of experience and a bachelor's degree in journalism and mass communication. Driven and committed, she writes on current affairs and general knowledge, fueled by a desire to see positive growth in organizations, society, and the world.

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