RBSE Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2025-26; Download FREE PDF

1. ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS

INTRODUCTION, ELECTRIC CHARGE, CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS, BASIC PROPERTIES OF ELECTRIC CHARGE- (Additivity of charges, Charge is conserved, Quantisation of Charge), COULOMB'S LAW, FORCES BETWEEN MULTIPLE CHARGES, ELECTRIC FIELD - (Electric field due to a system of charges, Physical significance of electric field), ELECTRIC FIELD LINES, ELECTRIC FLUX, ELECTRIC DIPOLE - (The field of an electric dipole - i. For points on the axis (ⅱ) For points on the equatorial plane, Physical significance of dipoles), DIPOLE IN A UNIFORM EXTERNAL FIELD, CONTINUOUS CHARGE DISTRIBUTION, GAUSS'S LAW, APPLICATIONS OF GAUSS'S LAW - (Field due to an infinitely long straight uniformly charged wire, Field due to a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet, Field due to a uniformly charged thin spherical shell).

2. ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE

INTRODUCTION, ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL, POTENTIAL DUE TO A POINT CHARGE, POTENTIAL DUE TO AN ELECTRIC DIPOLE, POTENTIAL DUE TO A SYSTEM OF CHARGES, EQUIPOTENTIAL SURFACES - (Relation between field and potential), POTENTIAL ENERGY OF A SYSTEM OF CHARGES, POTENTIAL ENERGY IN AN EXTERNAL FIELD-(Potential energy of a single charge, Potential energy of a system of two charges in an external field, Potential energy of a dipole in an external field), ELECTROSTATICS OF CONDUCTORS-(Inside a conductor electrostatic field is zero, At the surface of a charged conductor electrostatic field must be normal to the surface at every point, The interior of a conductor can have no excess charge in the static situation, Electrostatic potential is constant throughout the volume of the conductor and has the same value on its surface, Electric field at the surface of a charged conductor, Electrostatic shielding), DIELECTRICS AND POLARISATION, CAPACITORS AND CAPACITANCE, THE PARALLEL PLATE CAPACITOR, EFFECT OF DIELECTRIC ON CAPACITANCE, COMBINATION OF CAPACITORS - (Capacitors in series, Capacitors in parallel), ENERGY STORED IN A CAPACITOR (only Formula).

3. CURRENT ELECTRICITY

INTRODUCTION, ELECTRIC CURRENT, ELECTRIC CURRENTS IN CONDUCTORS, OHM'S LAW, DRIFT OF ELECTRONS AND THE ORIGIN OF RESISTIVITY-(Mobility), LIMITATIONS OF OHM'S LAW, RESISTIVITY OF VARIOUS MATERIALS, TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF RESISTIVITY, ELECTRICAL ENERGY- POWER, CELLS, EMF, INTERNAL RESISTANCE, CELLS IN SERIES AND IN PARALLEL, KIRCHHOFF'S RULES, WHEATSTONE BRIDGE. 

4.MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM

INTRODUCTION, MAGNETIC FORCE - (Sources and fields, Magnetic Field - Lorentz Force, Magnetic force on a current carrying conductor), MOTION IN A MAGNETIC FIELD, MAGNETIC FIELD DUE TO A CURRENT ELEMENT - BIOT SAVART LAW, MAGNETIC FIELD ON THE AXIS OF A CIRGULAR CURRENT LOOP, AMPERE'S CIRCUITAL LAW, THE SOLENOID, FORCE BETWEEN TWO PARALLEL CURRENTS - THE AMPERE, TORQUE ON CURREN LOOP - MAGNETIC DIPOLE- (Torque on a rectangular current loop in a uniform magnetic field, circular current loop as a magnetic dipole), THE MOVING COIL GALVANOMETER. 

5. MAGNETISM AND MATTER

INTRODUCTION, THE BAR MAGNET - (The magnetic field lines, Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoidonly qualitative study, The dipole in a uniform magnetic field, The electrostatic analog), MAGNETISM AND GAUSS'S LAW, MAGNETISATION AND MAGNETIC INTENSITY, MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS - (Diamagnetism, Paramagnetism, Ferromagnetism). 

6. ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

INTRODUCTION, THE EXPERIMENTS OF FARADAY AND HENRY, MAGNETIC FLUX, FARADAY'S LAW OF INDUCTION, SLENZ'S LAW AND CONSERVATION OF ENERGY, MOTIONAL ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE, INDUCTANCE - (Mutual Inductance, self-Inductance), AC GENERATOR. 

7. ALTERNATING CURRENT

INTRODUCTION, AC VOLTAGE APPLIED TO A RESISTOR, REPRESENTATION OF AC CURRENT AND VOLTAGE BY ROTATING VECTORS - PHASORS, AC VOLTAGE APPLIED TO AN INDUCTOR, AC VOLTAGE APPLIED TO A CAPACITOR, AC VOLTAGE APPLIED TO A SERIES LCR CIRCUIT - (Phaser - diagram solution, Resonance), POWER IN AC CIRCUIT: THE POWER FACTOR, TRANSFORMERS.

8. ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

INTRODUCTION, DISPLACEMENT CURRENT, ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES- (sources of electromagnetic waves, Nature of electromagnetic waves), ELECTROMAGMETIC SPECTRUM- (Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared waves, visible rays, ultraviolet rays, x-rays, Gamma rays). 

9. RAY OPTICS AND OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS

INTRODUCTION, REFLECTION OF LIGHT BY SPHERICAL MIRRORS- (Sign convention, Focal length of spherical mirrors, The mirror equation), REFRACTION, TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION (Total internal reflection in nature and its technological applications - i. Prism ii. Optical fibers), REFRACTION AT SPHERICAL SURFACES AND BY LENSES- (Refraction at a spherical surface, Refraction by a lens, Power of a lens, Combination of thin lenses in contact), REFRACTION THROUGH A PRISM, OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS - (The microscope, Telescope). 

10.OPTICS

INTRODUCTION, HUYGENS PRINCIPLE, REFRACTION AND REFLECTION OF PLANE WAVES USING HUYGENSS PRINCIPLE – (Refraction of a plane Wave, Refraction at a rarer medium, Reflection of a plane wave by a plane surface), COHERENT AND INCOHERENT ADDITION OF WAVES, INTERFERENCE OF LIGHT WAVES AND YOUNG’S EXPERIMENT- (only formula of bright and dark fringes), DIFFRACTION - (only qualitative study)- (The Single slit, seeing the Single slit diffraction pattern), POLARISATION.

11. DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER

INTRODUCTION, ELECTRON EMISSION, PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT – (Hertz’s observations, Hallwach’s and Lenard’s observations), EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT- (Effect of intensity of light on photocurrent, Effect of potential on photoelectric current, Effect of frequency of incident radiation on stopping potential), PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT AND WAVE THEORY OF LIGHT, EINSTEIN’S PHOTOELECTRIC EQUATION: ENERGY QUANTUM OF RADIATION, PARTICLE NATURE OF LIGHT: THE PHOTON, WAVE NATURE OF MATTER. 

12. ATOMS

INTRODUCTION, ALPHA-PARTICLE, SCATTERING AND RUTHERFORD'S NUCLEAR MODEL OF ATOM- (Alpha- Particle trajectory, Electron orbits), ATOMIC SPECTRA, BOHR MODEL OF THE HYDROGEN ATOM (only formula of radius of nth orbit)- (Energy levels), THE LINE SPECTRA OF THE HYDROGEN ATOM (Only qualitative Study), DE BROGLIE'S EXPLANATION OF BOHR'S SECOND POSTULATE OF QUANTISATION.

13. NUCLEI

INTRODUCTION, ATOMIC MASSES AND COMPOSITION OF NUCLEUS- (Discovery of Neutron), SIZE OF THE NUCLEUS, MASS-ENERGY AND NUCLEAR BINDING ENERGY - (Mass-Energy, Nuclear binding energy), NUCLEAR FORCE, RADIOACTIVITY, NUCLEAR ENERGY - (Fission, Nuclear fusion - energy generation in stars, controlled thermo- nuclear fusion)

1. SEMICONDUCTOR

ELECTRONICS: MATERIALS, DEVICES AND SIMPLE CIRCUITS INTRODUCTION, CLASSIFICATION OF METALS, CONDUCTORS AND SEMICONDUCTORS – (On the basis of conductivity, on the basis of energy bands), INTRINSIC SEMICONDUCTOR, EXTRINSIC SEMICONDUCTOR- (n-type semiconductor, p-type semiconductor), p-n Junction- (p-n junction formation), SEMICONDUCTOR DIODE - (p-n junction diode under forward bias, p-n junction diode under reverse bias), APPLICATION OF JUNCTION DIODE AS A RECTIFIER

One experiment

10 Marks

Two activities (one from each section) 

8 Marks

Project

4 Marks

Practical record [experiments and activities]

4 Marks

Viva on experiments, activities and project

4 Marks

Total

30 marks

Particulars

Marks 

Theory

80

Practical

20

Total

100