Excavation is the most time-honoured archaeological tool for understanding the processes of the human past, and it certainly represents the type of activity that most people attribute to archaeology. The excavation and historical treatise are the only sources to reveal the prosperous and flourished historical sites in any part of the world. Here, we are giving the list of lost cities in India, whose location has eventually lost over the period of time, but their existences are revealed by the legends and mythology.
Lost cities in India
1. Dholavira, Gujarat
It is one of the city of Indus Valley Civilization and largest archaeological site in India. It is locally known as Kotada Timba Prachin Mahanagar Dholavira. JP Joshi in 1967-68 discovered this site and since 1990, this site has been under excavation by the Archaeological Survey of India. Reservoirs, step well, and various other antiquities such as seals, beads, animal bones, gold, silver, terracotta ornaments and vessels are the findings through the archaeological excavation.
2. Vijaynagar, Karnataka
It is situated on the bank of river Tungabhadra and one of the listed UNESCO’s World Heritage sites as “the Ruins of Hampi” in India. But the excessive vehicular pollution and construction threatening the ruin. It was once an important city of the Vijayanagara Empire who ruled over the Southern India.
3. Poompuhar, Tamil Nadu
It is situated on the bank of river Kaveri and one of the ancient port cities of India which was called as Kaveripattinam. It was also capital city of Chola kings in Tamilakkam. According to the Archaeologist, this city was washed away by strong sea storm in 500 AD.
4. Muziris, Kerala
It is another lost city of ancient India which is situated on the bank of river Periyar. Archaeologists have discovered various artefacts belonging to countries like Egypt, Yemen, Roman and West Asia which reveals the connection of outer world.
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5. Lothal, Gujarat
It is one of the important cities of the Indus Valley Civilization, which was discovered in 1954. During excavation, archaeologist revealed that the city was ruined by floods; however dwarfed walls, platforms, wells, drains, baths and paved floors are still visible.
6. Kalibangan, Rajasthan
It is located in Hanumangarh, Rajasthan. According to the historian, it was the provincial capital of the Indus Valley Civilization. This city has unique fire altars and “world’s earliest ploughed field”.
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7. Surkotada, Gujarat
It is located in Kutch, Gujarat. Archaeologist finds horse remains, and red laterite soil covered mounds. It was discovered in 1964 by Shri Jagat Pati Joshi of the Archaeological Survey of India.
8. Dwarka, Gujarat
It is one of the sacred and holy cities of India. It is believed that city was submerged six times. Excavation of seaward side of Dwarka brought to light submerged settlements, a large stone-built jetty, and triangular stone anchors with three holes.
9. Pattadakal, Karnataka
It is situated on the bank of river Malaprabha and one of the World Heritage site in India. The Virupaksha temple is one of the popular tourist destinations that was built by Queen Lokamahadevi (Trilokyamahadevi) in 745 to commemorate her husband’s victory (Vikramaditya II) over the Pallavas of Kanchi.
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