3000 BC-1500 BC: Indus Valley Civilization began in Harappa, and was one of the world’s three earliest urban civilizations, contemporary to Sumer (in Mesopotamia/Iraq) and ancient Egypt. The cities of Harappa and Mohenjodaro become large metropolises. It had superior urban planning and sewage systems.
1900 -1700 BC: Aryan invasion, conquered Afghanistan and Punjab, begining of Vedic Civilization, though Aryan invasion theory is now disputed by many.
1500 BC: Rig Veda is composed.
600 BC: Sixteen Maha Janapadas emerge. A number of these Maha Janapadas are semidemocratic republics.
563 BC: Gautama Buddha, founder of Buddhism is born.
549 BC: Mahavira, founder of Jainism is born. 500 BC: Panini standardizes the grammar and morphology of Sanskrit in the text Ashtadhyayi.
327 BC: Alexander crossed the Indus and invaded India.
326 BC: Porus who ruled parts of the Punjab, fought Alexander at the Battle of the Hydaspes River
322-185 BC: Age of Maurya Dynasty; Mauryan Empire founded by Chandragupta Maurya.
305 BC: Chandragupta Maurya defeats Seleucus Nicator of the Seleucid Empire
273 BC: Ashoka the Great, grandson of Chandragupta Maurya, ascends as emperor of the Mauryan Empire.
261 BC: Ashoka conquers the kingdom of Kalinga.
260 BC: Ashoka inscribes the Edicts of Ashoka giving his theory of Dhamma.
184 BC: The Mauryan Empire collapsed after its emperor Brihadrata was assassinated by his general Pusyamitra Sunga who then established the Sunga dynasty.
200-100 BC: Tholkappiyam standardizes the grammar and morphology of Tamil and the oldest existing grammar in the text.
180 BC: Establishment of the Indo-Greek kingdom.
80 BC: Establishment of the Indo-Scythian kingdom.
65 BC: Pandyan king sends Ambassodars to Greek and Roman court.
58 BC: Beginning of Vikrami Calendar. AD
68 AD: Establishment of the Kushan empire by Kujula.
78 AD: Beginning of Saka Era; Accession of Kanishka (the Kushan King). Saka Era started during his reign.
320 AD: Gupta Era begins. Chandragupta Vikramaditya was the greatest king of this dynasy, during his reign art and culture reached its zenith.
405 AD: Fahien (Chinese pilgrim) visited India during the reign of Chandragupta Vikramaditya.
450-475 AD: Hun invasion.
606-647 AD: Reign of Harshavardhana, King of North India the last great Hindu king of Northern India. Hiuen-tsang (Chinese pilgrim) visited India during his reign.
712 AD: Arab invasion of Sind by Mohd.-bin-Qasim.
820 AD: Death of Sankaracharya, the great hindu philosopher.
900 AD: Rise of Chola dynasty.
1000-1026 AD: Sultan Mahmud Ghazni attacks India. king of Punjab by Mahmud Ghazni.
1025-26 AD: Somnath Temple destroyed by Mahmud Ghazni.
1191 AD: First Battle of Traori (or Tarain).
1192 AD: Second Battle of Traori; Fall of Prithvi Raj Chauhan King of Delhi and Ajmer at the hands of Muhammad Ghori.
1192-1290 AD: Establishment of Muslim Rule in Northern India; Reign of Slave Kings.
1206 AD: Qutab-ud-Din Aibak founded the first Muslim dynasty in India. Assassination of Mohd. Ghori. 1221 AD: First Mangol invasion by Changez Khan.
1232 AD: Qutab Minar built near Delhi(started by Qutab-ud-din Aibak and completed by his successor Iltutmish).
1330 AD: Copper coins introduced and made legal tender by Mohammad Tughlaq.
1334 1342 AD: Ibn Batuta in India.
1336 AD: Vijayanagar Empire founded in South India by Harihar and Bukka.
1347 AD: Bahmani kingdom founded in South India by Hasan Gangoo.
1398 AD: Invasion of Timur Lang; Delhi sacked.
1469 AD: Birth of Guru Nanak Dev (founder of the Sikh faith).
1486-1533 AD: Life time of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, great exponent of Bhakti movement.
1498 AD: Vasco-da-Gama discovered the sea route to India via the Cape of Good Hope; arrived at Calicut (May 20).
1510 AD: Goa conquered by Albuquerque—Portuguese Viceroy in India.
1526 AD: Babur’s invasion; First Battle of Panipat; foundation of Mughal Rule in North India.
1540-1545 AD: Reign of Sher Shah Suri; Mughal King Humayun in exile.
1556 AD: Second Battle of Panipat; Humayun’s death; Accession of Akbar to the throne.
1556-1605 AD: Reign of Akbar; expansion of Mughal Empire.
1576 AD: Battle of Haldighat pass; Akbar defeated Rana Pratap.
1582 AD: Promulgation of a new faith Din-i-Elahi by Akbar.
1600 AD: East India Company established in India.
1605 AD: Death of Akbar.
1605-1627 AD: Reign of Jehangir.
1612 AD: First English factory at Surat.
1627 AD: Birth of Shivaji.
1627-1657 AD: Reign of Shah Jehan.
1634 AD: Firman permitting the English to trade in Bengal.
1648 AD: Taj Mahal at Agra completed by Shah Jehan.
1658 AD: Coronation of Aurangzeb.
1666 AD: Shivaji’s visit to the Mughal court at Agra, his imprisonment and escape.
1668 AD: First French Factory at Surat.
1674 AD: Shivaji’s coronation.
1686-1687 AD: Fall of the kingdom of Bijapur and Golkonda.
1707 AD: Death of Aurangzeb; Death of Guru Gobind Singh; decline of Mughal Empire begins.
1714 AD: Peshwa dynasty founded by Balaji Vishwanath.
1739 AD: Nadir Shah invaded India; The Peacock Throne taken away by him to Iran.
1742 AD: Dupleix appointed Governor of Pondicherry.
1757 AD: Battle of Plassey; Lord Clive established British Rule in India.
1760 AD: Battle of Wandiawash; end of French power in India.
1761 AD: Third Battle of Panipat. This battle gave a severe blow to Maratha power.
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