The Haryana Board of School Education (HBSE) has made the Science course materials for Class 10 available online for the 2025–2026 school year. This article contains a PDF version of the Haryana Board of School Education's (HBSE) class 10 Science syllabus. This curriculum was officially released by HBSE for the current school year in 2025–2026. Students must read the syllabus in order to comprehend the most recent course structure and the courses that will be provided this year.
A carefully thought-out syllabus is necessary to successfully lead pupils through the educational process. By serving as a structured framework that describes the objectives, standards, material, and evaluation methods, the HBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus similarly provides students with a route to effective topic knowledge. Students need to review and assess the curriculum in order to create a comprehensive study plan that will help them do well on their annual board test.
HBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2025-26: Key Highlights
| Board Name | Haryana Board of School Education (HBSE) |
| Class | 10 |
| Subject | Science |
| Subject Code | 013 |
| Academic Year | 2025-26 |
| Total Marks | 100 |
| Theory Marks | 60 |
| Practical Marks | 20 |
| Internal Assessment | 20 |
| Exam Duration | 3 Hours |
| Total No. Of Chapters | 13 Chapters |
HBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2025-26: Chapter-Wise Weightage of Marks
| Sr. No | Unit | Chapter | Marks |
| 1. | Chemical Substances - Nature and Behaviour | Chemical Reactions and Equations Acids, Bases and Salts Metals and Non-Metals Carbon and Its Compounds | 20 |
| 2. | World of Living | Life Processes Control and Coordination How do Organisms Reproduce Heredity | 18 |
| 3. | Natural Phenomena | Light-Reflection and Refraction Human Eye and Colourful World | 10 |
| 4. | Effects of Current | Electricity Magnetic Effects of Electric Current | 10 |
| 5. | Natural Resources | Our Environment | 2 |
| Total | 80 | ||
| Practical Examination | 20 | ||
| Internal Assessment | 20 | ||
| Grand Total | 100 |
Haryana Board Class 10 Science Syllabus 2025-26: Course Structure Detailed
Unit 1: Chemical Substances - Nature and Behaviour
Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations
Chemical equations: Writing a chemical equation, Balanced chemical equations; Types of chemical reactions: Combination reaction, Decomposition reaction, Displacement reaction, Double displacement reaction, Oxidation and reduction; Have you observed the effects of oxidation reactions in everyday life: Corrosion, Rancidity
Chapter 2: Acids, Bases and Salts
Understanding the chemical properties of acids and bases: Acids and bases in the laboratory, How do acids and bases react with metals, How do metal carbonates and metal hydrogencarbonates react with acids, How do acids and bases react with each other, Reaction of metallic oxides with acids, Reaction of non-metallic oxide with base; What do all acids and all bases have in common: What happens to an acid or a base in a water solution; How strong are acid or base solutions: Importance of pH in everyday life: Are plants and animals pH sensitive, what is the pH of soil in your backyard, pH in our digestive system, pH change as the cause of tooth decay, self defence by animals and plants through chemical warfare; More about salts: Family of salts, pH of salts, Chemicals from common salt: common salt – a raw material for chemicals, sodium hydroxide, bleaching powder, baking soda, washing soda, Are the crystals of salts really dry: Plaster of Paris
Chapter 3: Metals and Non-metals Physical properties:
Metals, Non-metals; Chemical properties of metals: What happens when metals are burnt in air, What happens when metals react with water, What happens when metals react with acids, How do metals react with solutions of other metal salts, The reactivity series; How do metals and non-metals react: Properties of ionic compounds; Occurrence of metals: Extraction of metals, Enrichment of ores, Extracting metals low in the activity series, Extracting metals in the middle of activity series, Extracting metals towards the top of the activity series, Refining of metals: electrolytic refining; Corrosion: Prevention of corrosion
Chapter 4: Carbon and its Compounds
Bonding in carbon-the covalent bond; Versatile nature of carbon: Saturated and unsaturated carbon compounds, Chains, branches and ring, Will you be my friend, Homologous series, Nomenclature of carbon compounds; Chemical properties of carbon compounds: Combustion, Oxidation, Addition reaction, Substitution reaction; Some important carbon compoundsEthanol and Ethanoic acid: Properties of ethanol: reaction with sodium, reaction to give unsaturated hydrocarbon, Properties of ethanoic acid: esterification reaction, reaction with a base, reaction with carbonates and hydrogen carbonates; Soaps and detergents
Unit 2: World of Living
Chapter 5: Life Processes
What are life processes; Nutrition: Autotrophic nutrition, Heterotrophic nutrition, How do organism obtain their nutrition, Nutrition in human beings; Respiration: Break-down of glucose by various pathways, Human respiratory system; Transportation: Transportation in human beings: Our pump-heart, double circulation, blood vessels, maintenance by platelets, lymph, Transportation in plants: transport of water, transport of food and other substances; Excretion: Excretion in human beings, Excretion in plants
Chapter 6: Control and Coordination
Animals- nervous system: What happens in reflex actions, Human brain, How are these tissues protected, How does the nervous tissue cause action; Coordination in plants: Immediate response to stimulus, Movement due to growth; Hormones in animals
Chapter 7: How do Organisms Reproduce?
Do organisms create exact copies of themselves: The importance of variation; Modes of reproduction used by single organisms:Fission, Fragmentation, Regeneration, Budding, Vegetative propagation, Spore formation; Sexual reproduction: Why the sexual mode of reproduction, Sexual reproduction in flowering plants, Reproduction in human beings: male reproductive system, female reproductive system, what happens when egg is not fertilised, reproductive health
Chapter 8: Heredity
Accumulation of variation during reproduction; Heredity: Inherited traits, Rules for inheritance of traits- Mendel’s contributions, How do these traits get expressed, Sex determination
Unit 3: Natural Phenomena
Chapter 9: Light-Reflection and Refraction
Reflection of light; Spherical mirrors: Image formation by spherical mirrors, Representation of images formed by spherical mirror using ray diagrams: image formation by concave mirror, image formation by convex mirror, Sign convention for reflection by spherical mirrors, Mirror formula and magnification; Refraction of light: Refraction through a rectangular glass slab, The refractive index, Refraction by spherical lenses, Image formation by lenses, Image formation in lenses using ray diagrams, Sign convention for spherical lenses, Lens formula and magnification, Power of a lens
Chapter 10 : Human Eye and Colourful World
The human eye: Power of accommodation; Defects of vision and their correction: Myopia, Hypermetropia, Presbyopia; Refraction of light through a prism; Dispersion of white light by a glass prism; Atmospheric refraction: Twinkling of stars, Advanced sunrise and delayed sunset; Scattering of light: Tyndall effect, Why is the colour of the clear sky blue
Unit 4: Effects of Current
Chapter 11: Electricity
Electric current and circuit; Electric potential and potential difference; Circuit diagram; Ohm’s Law; Factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends; Resistance of a system of resistors: Resistors in series, Resistors in parallel; Heating effect of electric current: Practical applications of heating effect of electric current; Electric power
Chapter 12: Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
Magnetic field and field lines; Magnetic field due to a currentcarrying conductor: Magnetic field due to a current through a straight conductor, Right-hand thumb rule, Magnetic field due to a current through a circular loop, Magnetic field due to a current in a solenoid; Force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field; Domestic electric circuits
Unit 5: Natural Resources
Chapter 13: Our Environment
Eco-system-what are its components: Food chains and webs; How do our activities affect the environment: Ozone layer and how it is getting depleted, Managing the garbage we produce.
Practicals:
1. Study the chemical reaction of an iron nail with aqueous copper sulphate.
2. Find the pH of the given samples of solutions of solids or fruit juices using pH paper.
3. Show that crystals of copper sulphate contain water of crystallisation.
4. Study the reaction of metals with water under different temperature conditions.
5. Study esterification reaction between alcohol and carboxylic acid.
6. Study the action of salivary amylase on starch solution.
7. Study the phenomenon of phototropism and geotropism in plants.
8. Study the parts of a flower and their role in sexual reproduction.
9. Determine the focal length of a thin convex lens by obtaining image of a distant object.
10. Trace the path of a ray of light through a glass prism and to measure the angle of deviation.
11.Study the dependence of the potential difference across a resistor on the current through it and to determine its resistance and to verify the Ohm’s law.
12.Draw magnetic field lines of a bar magnet.
To download the HBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2025-26, click on the link below
Download HBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2025-2026 PDF |
HBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus: Question Paper Structure 2025-26
| Competencies | Marks | Percentage |
| Knowledge | 24 | 40% |
| Understanding | 18 | 30% |
| Application | 12 | 20% |
| Skill | 6 | 10% |
| Total | 60 | 100% |
Format of Question Paper
| Type of Question | Marks | Number | Description | Total Marks |
| Objective Questions | 1 | 15 | 6 Multiple Choice Questions, 3 Fill in the Blanks Questions, 3 One Word Answer Type Questions, 3 Assertion-Reason Questions | 15 |
| Very Short Answer Type Question | 2 | 6 | Internal choice will be given in any 2 questions | 12 |
| Short Answer Type Question | 3 | 6 | Internal choice will be given in any 2 questions | 18 |
| Essay Answer Type Question | 5 | 3 | Internal options will be given in all the questions (One option of case study question can be given in any one question) | 15 |
| Total | 30 | 60 |
HBSE Class 11 Science Syllabus 2025-26: Prescribed Books
1. Science- Text book for Class X, BSEH Publication (© NCERT)
2. Laboratory Manual-Science-Class X, NCERT Publication
3. Exemplar Problems- Science-Class X, NCERT Publication
Also Check:
- HBSE Class 10 Computer Science Syllabus 2025-26
- HBSE Class 10 Drawing Syllabus 2025-26
- HBSE Class 10 English Syllabus 2025-26
- HBSE Class 10 Hindi Syllabus 2025-26
- HBSE Class 10 Home Science Syllabus 2025-26
- HBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2025-26
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