List of Mountain Passes in Peninsular India
The Peninsula is a large mass of land projecting into a body of water. The Indian Peninsular Plateau is a part of the ancient Gondwanaland and is in a triangular shape. Its average height is between 600 to 900 m. It consists of the Eastern Ghats of Coromandel, the Western Ghats covering the west coast of India, Aravalli in the northwest between Gujarat and Rajasthan, Vindhya and Satpura ranges in central India. In the Himalayas, we find examples of horizontal movements, but in the peninsular plateau, we find examples of vertical movements.
Mountain passes in Peninsular India
1. Bhor Ghat
It was the ancient trade route developed by the Satavahana Dynasty to connect the ports (Choul, Revdanda, Panvel) on the Konkan coast and the surrounding areas of the Deccan plateau. This ghat comes under the proposed Golden Quadrilateral Freight Corridors.
State: Maharashtra, India
Location: situated on the crest of the Western Ghats
Between/Separating: Lies between Palasdari and Khandala for railway and between Khopoli and Khandala on the road route in Maharashtra.
2. Goran Ghat
It connects the city of Udaipur with Sirohi and Jalore in Rajasthan. It is about 1200 metres above sea level.
State: Rajasthan
Location: South of Mount Abu (Aravalli Range)
Between/Separating: It separates Gurushikar from Mount Abu.
3. Palghat
It is also called Palakkad Gap. It is an important mountain pass in the Western Ghats mountain range, in southwestern India that runs along the entire eastern edge of Kerala isolating it from the neighboring Tamil Nadu.
State: Tamil Nadu - Kerala, India
Location: between Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu and Palakkad in Kerala
Between/Separating: It connects the Nilgiri Hills to the north and the Anaimalai Hills to the south.
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4. Thal Ghat
It also called as Thul Ghat or Kasara Ghat. It is a series of mountain slopes in the Western Ghats traversed by the Bhusawal-Kalyan line.
State: Maharashtra, India
Location: The Kasara Ghat is located on the busy Mumbai–Nashik route, and is one of the four major routes, rail and road routes, leading into Mumbai. The railway line, which passes through the ghat is the steepest in India with a gradient of 1 in 37.
5. Asirgarh Fort Pass
It was built by the King Asa Ahir of Ahir Dynasty to connect north India with Deccan Plateau. Hence, it is popularly known as Dakkani Darwaza or Doorway to the Deccan.
State: Madhya Pradesh
Location: Lies in Satpura Range
Between/Separating: It is about 20 km north of the city of Burhanpur, in Burhanpur District of Madhya Pradesh state.
6. Haldighati Pass
It is historically very significant because the famous Battle of Haldighati took place in 1576 between the Kingdom of Mewar (army led by Maharana Pratap) and Mughal emperor Akbar's general Man Singh I of Amer. This region is famous for its charity rose products and the mud art of Molela.
State: Rajasthan, India
Location: Aravalli Range of Rajasthan in western India
Between/Separating: It connects Rajsamand and Pali districts of Rajasthan.
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7. Amba Ghat Pass
It has picturesque mountain-scapes and a pleasant climate. This region is famous for paragliding sport.
State: Maharashtra, India
Location: Sahyadri Mountains of Western Ghats
Between/Separating: It connects the Ratnagiri district to Kolhapur
8. Chorla Ghat Pass
This region is famous for the rare species of wolf snake (Lycodon striatus).
State: Goa, Karnataka, and Maharashtra.
Location: Sahyadri mountain range of Western Ghats (On the intersection of the borders of Goa, Karnataka and Maharashtra)
Between/Separating: It connects Goa, Karnataka, and Maharashtra.
9. Malshej Ghat Pass
This region is famous for wide varieties of birds such as quails, rails, crakes, flamingos, and cuckoos.
State: Maharashtra, India
Location: Sahydari Range of Western Ghats (Lofty rugged hills of the Western Ghats)
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10. Naneghat Pass
It is also called as Nanaghat or Nana Ghat. It was a part of an ancient trading route. There are various caves in this region and major cave with Hindu Sanskrit inscriptions in Brahmi script. The name nane means "coin" and ghat means "pass". The name is given because this path was used as a tollbooth to collect tolls from traders crossing the hills.
State: Maharashtra, India
Location: Sahydari Range of Western Ghats
Between/Separating: It connects Pune district to Junnar City.
11. Tamhini Ghat
This region is famous for sprawling green Ghats, misty roads, and cascading waterfalls.
State: Maharashtra, India
Location: Sahyadri Range of Western Ghats
Between/Separating: It connects the talukas of Mulshi and Tamhini in the Pune district.
12. Amboli Ghat Pass
This region is for wildlife, dense hilly forests, Hiranyakeshi temple, and a number of waterfalls.
State: Maharashtra, India
Location: Sahyadri Range of Western Ghats
Between/Separating: It connects Sawantwadi of Maharashtra to Belgaum of Karnataka.
13. Kumbharli Ghat Pass
It connects the coastal Ratnagiri District in Konkan region of Maharashtra with the Satara District in Desh region.
State: Maharashtra, India
Location: Western Ghats
Between/Separating: It connects the coastal Ratnagiri district in the Konkan region of Maharashtra with the Satara District in the Desh region.