How are heat domes formed?

Jul 22, 2021, 19:14 IST

Heat domes have been considered the reason for the rising temperatures of USA and Canada this year. The effect is being felt all around the world too. Take a look at how the heat domes are formed here. 

Recently Canada was experiencing a severe heat wave which caused the unprecedented 195 percent rise in sudden fatalities last month. Also in the US, in Oregon the temperatures rose to 46 degrees celsius. The highest temperatures of Canada were recorded in country's west. 

Unexpected deaths have also happened in Canada and an abnormal heat wave is responsible for the rising temperatures. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration said that this was all due to the formation of a heat dome. 

How is a heat dome formed?

For people to understand this, they must imagine Pacific Ocean as a swimming pool with North America as the land next to it. Once the heaters are turned on in the pool, the portions closest to the heating jets would warm up faster and the temperature there would be higher than the rest. 

Heat dome

Similarly, the Western Pacific's temperatures have increased in the past few decades and they are relatively more than the eastern side of the ocean. Take a look at pictorial form of heat dome below. 

Heat Dome

Thus the temperature gradient and pressure differences are formed which causes the heat from the Western part to travel to the Eastern part and the hot air mass is trapped in the western coast of North America. This process is called convection. The gradient causes the warm air that is heated by the surface of the ocean to rise over the Pacific's western side and decreases the convection above the central and eastern Pacific ocean. 

How does heat dome work

The winds that prevail move the hot air to the east, the northern shifts of the jet streams trap the air and move it towards land where it sinks. This causes heat waves. 

Where in the world is the effect of the heat dome?

The effect starts from western United States where the temperatures have climbed more than  20 degrees above the normal. The cities like Glasgow experienced a rise in temperature. The heatwave is the reason for drought-like conditions in the United States and Canada. There are also expected wildfires in North America due to it. 

The effect is felt across the Atlantic too where the temperatures have risen record high in Northern Ireland and British Isles too. 

Owen Landeg, Public Health England’s scientific and technical lead, wrote in a news release, “As we experience the first hot weather episode of the year, it’s important for everyone to remember to adapt their behaviours.” 

List of Fastest Trains in the world

Tulika Tandon is an Education Reporter & Writer with an experience of 5+ years. An MBA graduate and a long-time UPSC aspirant, she has devoted her life to helping the students find the right path to success. In her free time, Tulika likes to read, travel or bake. Read her stories in GK, UPSC and School sections at Jagranjosh.com. She can be reached at tulika.tandon@jagrannewmedia.com.
... Read More

Get here current GK and GK quiz questions in English and Hindi for India, World, Sports and Competitive exam preparation. Download the Jagran Josh Current Affairs App.

Trending

Latest Education News