The term vegetable is used for the edible parts of herbaceous plants. People are often found confused on whether certain edible items should be considered under the category of fruits or vegetables. Let’s take lemon for an example, a lot of people mistake it for a vegetable, whereas it is a fruit. Read along to get a full list of all the vegetables.
1. Leafy Greens & Salad Vegetables
- Arugula
- Beet greens
- Bok choy
- Chard
- Collard greens
- Endive
- Frisee
- Kale
- Lettuce
- Mustard greens
- Radicchio
- Spinach
- Alfalfa sprouts
- Nettles
- Watercress
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2. Cruciferous (Brassica) Vegetables
- Broccoli
- Broccoflower
- Brussels sprouts
- Cabbage (Green, Red, Savoy)
- Cauliflower
- Kohlrabi
- Sour cabbage
3. Stem & Bulb Vegetables
- Asparagus
- Celery
- Fennel
- Leek
- Onion
- Scallion (Green onion/Spring onion)
- Shallot
4. Root Vegetables
- Beetroot (Beet)
- Carrot
- Celeriac
- Daikon (White radish)
- Horseradish
- Parsnip
- Radish
- Rutabaga (Swede)
- Turnip
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5. Tubers & Corms
- Jerusalem artichoke (Sunchoke)
- Jicama
- Konjac
- Potato
- Sweet potato
- Taro
- Water chestnut
- Yam
6. Legumes & Beans
- Azuki beans
- Black beans
- Black-eyed peas
- Borlotti bean
- Broad beans
- Chickpeas (Garbanzo beans)
- Green beans
- Kidney beans
- Lentils
- Lima beans
- Mung beans
- Navy beans
- Peanuts
- Peas
- Pinto beans
- Runner beans
- Snap peas (Mange tout)
- Soybeans
- Split peas
7. Squashes & Gourds
- Acorn squash
- Bitter melon
- Butternut squash
- Banana squash
- Cucumber
- Delicata squash
- Hubbard squash
- Marrow squash
- Pumpkin (included as squash)
- Spaghetti squash
- Zucchini (Courgette)
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8. Nightshade Vegetables
- Eggplant (Aubergine)
Peppers:
- Bell pepper
- Chili pepper (Jalapeño, Habanero, Cayenne, etc.)
- Paprika
- Tomatillo
- Tomato
9. Other Edible Plants & Unclassified
- Artichoke (Globe)
- Fiddleheads (Young ferns)
- Okra
- Oca (New Zealand yam)
- Rhubarb (Leaf stalks only)
- Salsify (Oyster plant)
- Skirret
- Succotash (Lima bean & corn dish)
- Sweetcorn (Corn)
- Tat soi (Asian greens)
Key Notes on Other Vegetables:
Mushrooms are not included as they are fungi, not vegetables.
Herbs (e.g., Cilantro, Coriander) are not included since the list focuses on vegetables.
Peppers are grouped under nightshades due to botanical classification.
| Category | Vegetables |
| Leafy Greens | Arugula, Beet greens, Bok choy, Chard, Collard greens, Kale, Lettuce, Mustard greens, Spinach, Alfalfa sprouts, Frisee, Endive, Chicory, Radicchio, Watercress |
| Brassicas (Cruciferous) | Broccoflower, Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, Cabbage (Kohlrabi, Savoy cabbage, Red cabbage, Sour cabbage), Cauliflower |
| Legumes/Beans | Azuki beans, Bean sprouts, Black beans, Black-eyed peas, Borlotti bean, Broad beans, Chickpeas, Green beans, Kidney beans, Lentils, Lima beans, Mung beans, Navy beans, Peanuts, Pinto beans, Runner beans, Split peas, Soy beans, Peas (Mange tout/Snap peas) |
| Bulb & Stem Vegetables | Celery, Fennel, Kohlrabi, Leek, Onion (Chives, Garlic, Shallot, Scallion), Fiddleheads |
| Root Vegetables | Beetroot, Carrot, Celeriac, Daikon, Horseradish, Parsnip, Radish, Rutabaga, Turnip, Wasabi |
| Corms & Tubers | Eddoe, Konjac, Taro, Water chestnut, Jicama, Jerusalem artichoke, Kumara, Potato, Sour yam, Sweet potato, Yam |
| Squashes & Gourds | Acorn squash, Bitter melon, Butternut squash, Banana squash, Courgette/Zucchini, Cucumber, Delicata, Gem squash, Hubbard squash, Marrow squash, Spaghetti squash |
| Nightshades | Eggplant, Tomato, Tomatillo, Peppers (Bell pepper, Chili pepper, Jalapeño, Habanero, Paprika, Tabasco, Cayenne) |
| Others | Artichoke, Asparagus, Okra, Nettles, New Zealand spinach, Oca, Rhubarb, Salsify, Skirret, Succotash, Sweetcorn, Tat soi, Topinambur |
The majority of vegetables contain few calories and are composed of more than 70 percent water, containing roughly 3.5 percent protein and less than 1 percent fat. Vegetables are rich in minerals, particularly calcium and iron, and vitamins, mostly A and C. Almost all vegetables contain dietary fiber and antioxidants.
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