Which is the Smallest State in India?

India currently has over 28 states and 8 union territories. It is a land known for its diversity and rich cultural heritage. This diversity is often witnessed in even the smallest of states, where multiple languages and communities exist simultaneously, crossing regional boundaries. 

The smallest state of India is crowned with some prominent titles, such as “Tourist’s Paradise” or ‘’Pearl of the Orient” due to its breathtaking natural beauty. At the same time, it is also called “India’s Party Capital’’ because of the access to the beach shacks twinkling with fairy lights lined up across the shore at night and the nightclubs buzzing with music, visited by people from all over the world. Can you guess the state based on these cues? 

Goa: The Smallest State in India

Goa is India's smallest state. It is divided into two parts: North Goa and South Goa. Panaji, also known as Panjim, is the capital of North Goa, while Margao, also known as Madgaon, is the commercial capital of South Goa. Goa also has the fourth smallest population, around 15.90 lakhs. 

Geographically, Goa is located on the south coast of India, and the total geographical area is around 3702 square kilometers. The largest city by area is Vasco da Gama. Over a third of Goa’s area is covered with lush green forests, untouched by human intervention. Goa also has the 2nd highest GDP per capita in India, owing to its high ranking due to the thriving tourism that brings in a lot of profit.

Tourism in Goa 

Goa is one of the most sought-after holiday destinations not only for the Indian youth but foreigners. Let’s understand the reason behind this. Why would foreigners be interested in visiting Goa out of all other tourism destinations? Goa has the perfect blend of tradition with modernity. People who prefer calm and quiet can enjoy the whole of South Goa, the beaches, lush greenery. The youth can enjoy the larger-than-life party scenes and nightclubs, whereas elderly people can enjoy scenic sunsets at the forts and churches of Goa. 

Goa is the perfect blend of nature, scenery, nightlife, partying, along with historical sites and culturally rich cuisines to relish. This sums up all the reasons as to why Goa is so high in preference as a tourist destination by Indians and foreigners alike. 

Check Out: List of Indian States and their Symbols

Popular Beaches of Goa

Baga Beach, Calangute Beach, Anjuna Beach, Vagator, and Arambol are some of the most famous beaches of North Goa. Most of the nightlife is fairly active around these beaches. 

If an individual prefers a bustling ambience filled with loud music, a crowd of tourists, and partying without any time constraint, then the beaches of North Goa would suit them the best. 

South Goa is comparatively quieter and less crowded than North Goa. Beaches like Benaulim, Varca, and Majorda are still quite uncommon and hidden from the majority of tourists. Thus, providing you peace and rejuvenation, unlike the hustle and bustle of North Goa. One can say that South Goa is still not as commercialized and exists in its primitive wilderness and natural state. 

Important Churches in Goa 

The Se Cathedral, the ruins of St. Augustine, and the Church of Our Lady of Immaculate Conception are some of the prominent churches that give a major nostalgia of the Portuguese influence. Most of these churches were built in the 16th century and consist mostly of ruins. 

The Basilica of Bom Jesus is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a pilgrimage centre. This site holds the remains of St. Francis Xavier, who was a Catholic saint. It is preserved in a silver casket, which is displayed to the tourists and visitors. 

Popular Forts of Goa 

The Aguada Fort, Chapora Fort, Reis Magos Fort, Cabo de Rama Fort, and Corjuem Fort are some of the most frequently visited forts by tourists. These forts served as defensive walls for the Portuguese against Dutch and Maratha invaders.

Aguada Fort provides a stunning view of the Arabian Sea. Tourists are usually advised to visit during sunrise or sunset as the sun's rays fall onto the vast Arabian Sea, providing a picture-perfect experience. The famous Aguada jail is also located near the Aguada fort, which is open to the public as a heritage site. 

Check Out: Per Capita Income of Indian States 2019-20 

Historical Significance of Goa 

Goa not only provides exquisite views of the beaches but also holds some of the most magnificent historical places. The Portuguese influence and culture can be strongly felt while visiting the churches, forts, and cathedrals of Goa. 

People often wonder why Goa has such a strong European touch in its appearance, architecture, and overall vibe. The reason behind this is that Goa was, in fact, a Portuguese colony for more than 450 years! 

During the 16th century, Goa acted as an important trading center for the spice trade between the East and the West. 

Though the Portuguese ended their rule over Goa, they left behind a strong influence on its food, taste, air, and overall ambience. Maharashtra is its neighbour towards the north, which explains some strain of Portuguese influence found in Maharashtra as well. 

Goa Liberation Day 

Goa attained its independence from Portuguese rule on 19th December, 1961. The Indian Army carried out an operation called ‘Operation Vijay’ to end the Portuguese annexation of Goa.

Thus, Goa celebrates the 19th of December every year as Goa Liberation Day. This day is significant not only for Goa but Daman and Diu as well. It also received liberation from Portuguese rule after 451 years. 

 Streets of Old Goa 

The streets of Old Goa, namely, Fountainhas, are the perfect example of traditional European architecture with protruding balconies adorned with fancy railings. The walls of the houses and streets are painted in bright and colourful hues of yellow, blue, and green.

 Tourists are seen roaming through the colourful streets of Fountainhas and posing in front of the unique doors for their social media. Most of those ancient houses are empty and just for photographic purposes, with very few people residing there.  

The Parra Road is another such hotspot among tourists. The road has huge palm trees on both sides of the road and a bright sky above. Tourists flock here to click Instagram-worthy pictures in the middle of the road. 

Prominent Languages of Goa 

Konkani is the official language of Goa. It is also the mother tongue of Goans. Marathi is also recognised as the co-official language of Goa. The proximity to Maharashtra in the north could be the reason behind it.  

English is also widely spoken in Goa due to the tourism it attracts from all over the world. Portuguese has also survived as a language in Goa, spoken by a small percentage of people, mainly the elderly people who were exposed to the early influence of Portuguese before Independence.  

Top Educational Institutions in Goa 

Some of the reputed educational institutions' branches are situated in Goa, such as the Indian Institute of Technology, Goa,  National Institute of Technology, Goa, Goa Institute of Management, St. Xavier’s College, BITS Pilani K K Birla, Goa, and many more. 

 Most of the colleges that are in demand by students in Goa are for Master’s in Business Administration. The youth prefer admissions to these colleges in Goa to get the best of both worlds; receive quality education while also enjoying the lively and upbeat atmosphere. 

Famous Personalities from Goa 

Some of the most talented celebrities and personalities have emerged from the state of Goa. Leander Adrian Paes is a famous former tennis player who has Goan parents, he is regarded as one of the greatest players in his skills in doubles. 

The Abhisheki family from Goa is an accomplished musical family. Late Jitendra Abhisheki, the father, and his son, Shounak Abhisheki, are highly revered musicians. Bhumi Pednekar is a famous Indian actress in recent years who also hails from Goa. Varsha Usgaonkar is a yesteryear actress, massively popular in the Marathi television industry. 

Conclusion 

Goa is a very important state for India, despite being the smallest state in India. It generates massive profits from its tourism sector, where people come from all across the world to experience the fusion of partygoers, history lovers, and wanderlusts, providing it all under one umbrella. 

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