World Meteorological Organisation (WMO): Functions and Structure of Organisation
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations. It originated from the International Meteorological Organization (IMO), which was founded in 1873. It became the specialized agency of the United Nations in 1951and named as World Meteorological Organization (WMO) for meteorology (weather and climate), operational hydrology and related geophysical sciences. It is the mouth-piece of UN system’s of authoritative voice related to the state and behaviour of the Earth's atmosphere- its interaction with the oceans, the climate it produces and the resulting distribution of water resources.
WMO has a membership of 191 Member States and Territories (on 1 January 2013).
Functions of World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
• To facilitate worldwide cooperation in the establishment of networks of stations for the making of meteorological observations as well as hydrological and other geophysical observations related to meteorology, and to promote the establishment and maintenance of centres charged with the provision of meteorological and related services;
• To Promote the establishment and maintenance of systems for the rapid exchange of meteorological and related information;
• Promote standardization of meteorological and related observations and to ensure the uniform publication of observations and statistics;
• Application of meteorology to aviation, shipping, water problems, agriculture and other human activities;
• To promote activities in operational hydrology and to further close cooperation between Meteorological and Hydrological Services;
• To encourage research and training in meteorology and, as appropriate, in related fields, and to assist in coordinating the international aspects of such research and training.
Organisational Structure of World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
• World Meteorological Congress: It is the apex body of WMO which decide the general policies for the fulfilment of the purposes of the Organization, to approve long-term plans, to authorize maximum expenditure for the following financial period, to adopt Technical Regulations relating to international meteorological and operational hydrological practice, to elect the President and Vice-Presidents of the Organization and members of the Executive Council and to appoint the Secretary-General.
• The Executive Council: This is responsible to Congress for the coordination of the programmes of the Organization and the utilization of its budgetary resources in accordance with the decision of Congress. Composed of 37 directors of National Meteorological or Hydro-meteorological Services, it meets at least once a year to implement the programmes approved by Congress and review the activities of the Organization.
• The Secretariat: It is headed by the Secretary-General, serves as the administrative, documentation and information centre of the Organization. It prepares edits, produces and distributes the publications of the Organization, carries out the duties specified in the Convention and other Basic Documents and provides support to the work of the constituent bodies of WMO described above. It hosts Regional Offices for Africa, Asia and the South-West Pacific, the Americas, and Europe. The Regional Offices supervise related WMO offices in the field.
There are two liaison offices: one in New York and one in Brussels.
Contribution of World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
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